EMERGENCY: 1800 330 0000 I CALL: NOIDA : +91-9582833333, GREATER NOIDA : +91-8800447777, NOIDA EXT: +91-8800110086 , JHANSI: +91 8800550084, FARIDABAD: +91-8588833310

ConditionandTreatments

Overview

Scoliosis is a medical condition characterized by an abnormal sideways curvature of the spine. While a normal spine appears straight, a spine affected by scoliosis may curve in an "S" or "C" shape. Scoliosis can affect people of all ages but is most commonly diagnosed during adolescence. It ranges from mild cases, which may not require treatment, to severe cases that can impair posture, mobility, and, in extreme cases, cause complications with lung and heart function. Yatharth Hospital offers specialized care for scoliosis, focusing on accurate diagnosis and personalized treatment plans to improve spinal health.

Signs and Symptoms

The symptoms of scoliosis can vary depending on the severity of the curvature. Common signs and symptoms include:

  • Uneven Shoulders: One shoulder may appear higher than the other.
  • Uneven Waist or Hips: The hips may be asymmetrical, leading to an uneven waistline.
  • Visible Spinal Curve: In severe cases, the curve of the spine may be noticeable.
  • One Shoulder Blade Protrudes More: A rib hump or prominent shoulder blade is often visible when bending forward.
  • Back Pain: Although mild scoliosis does not typically cause pain, more significant curvatures may result in discomfort, particularly in adults.
  • Difficulty Breathing: In severe scoliosis, the ribcage may press against the lungs, affecting breathing.

Types of Scoliosis

Scoliosis is categorized into different types based on its cause and the age of onset:

  • Idiopathic Scoliosis: The most common type, idiopathic scoliosis has no known cause and typically develops during adolescence.
  • Congenital Scoliosis: This type occurs when the spine develops abnormally before birth, leading to vertebral deformities.
  • Neuromuscular Scoliosis: Caused by disorders like cerebral palsy, muscular dystrophy, or spinal cord injuries, this type results from muscle weakness or imbalance.
  • Degenerative Scoliosis: Common in older adults, degenerative scoliosis develops due to wear and tear on the spine, often associated with arthritis.

Diagnosis

Diagnosing scoliosis involves a physical examination and imaging tests to assess the curvature of the spine and its impact on the body. The diagnostic process at Yatharth Hospital typically includes:

  • Physical Examination: The physician may ask the patient to bend forward to check for visible curvatures, asymmetry in the ribs, or shoulder height discrepancies.
  • X-rays: X-rays provide a clear image of the spine, helping to measure the degree of curvature (Cobb angle) and determine the severity of the condition.
  • MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): MRI scans may be used to get a detailed view of the spine, particularly if there is concern about underlying neurological causes or spinal cord compression.
  • CT Scan (Computed Tomography): A CT scan provides cross-sectional images of the spine and is often used for more complex cases to get a better understanding of the spinal deformity.

Treatment for Scoliosis

Treatment for scoliosis depends on the severity of the curve, the patient’s age, and the potential for progression. At Yatharth Hospital, our scoliosis treatments are comprehensive and may include non-surgical approaches as well as surgical interventions for severe cases.

Non-Surgical Treatments

  • Observation: For mild cases where the curve is less than 20 degrees and does not appear to be worsening, doctors may recommend regular check-ups and observation to monitor the progression.
  • Bracing: Bracing is a common treatment for adolescents with a spinal curvature between 20 and 40 degrees, particularly if they are still growing. Wearing a brace may help prevent the curve from worsening as the spine develops.
  • Physical Therapy: Physical therapy can improve posture, increase strength, and enhance flexibility, which can help manage symptoms and prevent worsening of the curvature.

Meditation and Mind-Body Approaches

  • Mindfulness Meditation: This technique helps patients manage chronic back pain by promoting relaxation and a positive mindset, which may improve the quality of life.
  • Breathing Exercises: Deep breathing exercises can support better lung function and relaxation, especially if the scoliosis has caused a slight restriction in breathing.
  • Yoga and Stretching: Gentle yoga postures tailored for scoliosis may help relieve muscle tension and improve spinal alignment, providing relief from pain.

Surgical Treatments

For severe cases where the spinal curvature exceeds 40-50 degrees, or if the curve is causing significant discomfort or functional limitations, surgery may be necessary. Common surgical procedures for scoliosis include:

  • Spinal Fusion: This is the most common surgical procedure for scoliosis. In spinal fusion, two or more vertebrae are permanently joined to prevent further curvature. Metal rods, screws, and bone grafts are used to straighten and stabilize the spine.
  • Vertebral Body Tethering (VBT): VBT is a minimally invasive alternative to spinal fusion. It involves attaching a flexible cord to the vertebrae, which is tightened to help correct the curve while allowing continued growth in younger patients.
  • Growing Rods: For young children with scoliosis, growing rods may be inserted to guide the growth of the spine while controlling the curvature. These rods can be lengthened as the child grows.
  • Osteotomy: This surgical procedure involves cutting and realigning parts of the spine to correct the curve. It is generally used in more complex cases where spinal fusion alone may not be sufficient.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

1. What causes scoliosis?

Most cases of scoliosis are idiopathic, meaning the exact cause is unknown. However, it can also be caused by congenital spinal abnormalities, neuromuscular conditions, or degenerative changes in the spine.

2. Can scoliosis be cured?

While scoliosis cannot be "cured," it can be managed effectively through observation, bracing, physical therapy, or surgery, depending on the severity and progression of the condition.

3. Is surgery always necessary for scoliosis?

No, surgery is only recommended for severe cases where the curvature is progressing rapidly or causing significant functional issues. Many mild cases can be managed with non-surgical treatments like bracing or physical therapy.

4. Can adults develop scoliosis?

Yes, adults can develop degenerative scoliosis due to the wear and tear on the spine as they age. Neuromuscular scoliosis may also develop in adults with certain underlying conditions.

5. How effective is bracing for scoliosis?

Bracing can be highly effective in preventing the progression of scoliosis in children and adolescents, particularly when used before they finish growing. However, it cannot reverse an existing curvature.

6. How can meditation help with scoliosis?

Meditation can reduce stress and help manage chronic pain associated with scoliosis. It promotes relaxation and may improve emotional well-being, which can be beneficial when coping with the condition.

7. Is scoliosis painful?

Mild scoliosis often causes no pain, but more severe cases can result in discomfort, particularly in adults. Physical therapy and pain management strategies can help alleviate discomfort.

8. Can scoliosis affect lung function?

In severe cases, scoliosis can cause a rib cage deformity that compresses the lungs, leading to breathing difficulties. This is rare but may occur with advanced spinal curvature.

9. How long is the recovery after scoliosis surgery?

Recovery from scoliosis surgery typically takes several months. Patients may need to wear a brace post-surgery and engage in physical therapy to regain strength and mobility.

10. Can scoliosis be prevented?

Scoliosis cannot be entirely prevented, but early detection and treatment can prevent the condition from worsening. Regular check-ups during adolescence are key to catching scoliosis early.

Conclusion

Scoliosis is a complex condition that can impact individuals differently based on the severity of the spinal curvature. At Yatharth Hospital, our multidisciplinary approach ensures that patients receive personalized care, including non-surgical treatments like bracing and physical therapy, as well as surgical options when necessary. By combining modern medical care with supportive practices like meditation and physical therapy, we help patients manage scoliosis and maintain a better quality of life.

Other Conditions & Treatments

Get free second opinion from

India’s leading specialists.